The Role of Architecture in Shaping Social and Cultural Landscapes in Saudi Arabia: A Case Study Approach

Abstract

Purpose: This paper investigates the possible role of architecture in shaping social behavior, as well as how architecture can enhance community engagement and voice cultural identity. To do so, the following three key architectural projects in Saudi Arabia were selected: Diriyah Gate, King Abdulaziz Center for World Culture (Ithra), and Jeddah Tower. Method: The study was based on a qualitative case study approach in which data were gathered from 28 semi-structured interviews conducted with employees related to the architectural projects. The data gathered were analyzed in terms of themes associated with the social dynamics and expressions of culture that may have been indicated by the architectural design. Findings: The results indicated that the projects significantly enhanced social cohesion and community engagement through integration of traditional design elements with modern functionalities. Each project was a mark of national identity and aspirations while propelling inclusive spaces for other social interactions. Originality/Implications: This research contributes to the understanding of how architecture functions as a powerful medium for cultural expression and social interaction with focus on culturally sensitive design practices. The significance of this research will be more significant for architects, urban planners, and policymakers in highlighting that these needs are met by spaces eliciting responses of the community to the particular moment taking into consideration the general requirements of modern life. The knowledge that it will bring out can help future architectural endeavors lend to meaningful connections within evolving societies.