The problem of distance. The multi-sector platforms "tambos" as a systematic project opportunity for the Peruvian rural territory

Abstract

The “Programa Nacional de Tambos” (PNT) has meant an important achievement of the Peruvian state to achieve an effective presence in the rural populations furthest from the national territory, through the massive implementation of buildings called “tambos” that act as multisectoral platforms that allow the provision of basic services. Initially, the architectural approach of the tambo was carried out under a welfare bias, however, now faces heterogeneous demands according to the population dimension, natural region, and productive capacities of the rural population centers. In this context, the present investigation has as objective to identify the project potentialities of the PNT from a systematic vision of the national territory, in order that these serve as inputs to optimally articulate the future approaches of the PNT to the qualities of the Peruvian territory. This is achieved from a theoretical and graphic synthesis –maps and diagrams– of the phenomenon of population dispersion showing that Peruvian rurality is not only a demographic-social issue but is more related to physical-spatial components, and therefore, a systematic vision of the national territory is necessary to intervene from the architectural exercise. As a result of the research, four project potentialities –program, location, demand and form– that PNT has and that must contemplate to intervene in future remote scenarios of the Peruvian rural area.